*Remember that for punnett squares (the charts) parent # 1's
genes go across the top and parent # 2's
genes go down the left side. The offspring's genotypes are
in the middle.
*Note* for problems involving 2 traits (e.g.) blue and yellow, there will be 2 letters (genes) in each spot for each parent on the chart. Also each offspring's genotype in the chart will consist of 4 letters/ genes.
(Remember for 1 trait, each parent only has 1 letter/gene in each spot on the chart and each offspring has 2 genes/letters).
DOUBLE SPLITS
Blue and Yellow Pacific Parrotlet Mutations
(Both Autosomal Recessive)
A = Green gene # 1
a = Blue gene (mutation of "A" [Green gene # 1])
B = Green gene # 2
b = Yellow gene (mutation of "B" [Green gene # 2])
All possible genotypes from a combination of the above 4
genes are:
AABB = Green bird (Wild Type/Normal)
AABb = Green Bird (Split to Yellow only)
AAbb = Yellow bird ( Regular Yellow mutation)
AaBB = Green Bird (Split to Blue only)
AaBb = Green Bird (Double split: can be called either Split to Blue & Split to Yellow individual OR Split to White individual)
Aabb = Yellow bird (Yellow bird with blue genes: can be
called Yellow Split to Blue OR Yellow Split to White) A Yellow Split to Blue
bird is a yellow bird that is also Split to Blue
aaBB = Blue Bird (regular Blue mutation)
aaBb = Blue Bird ( Blue bird with Yellow genes: can be
called a Blue Split to Yellow OR Blue Split to White) A Blue Split to Yellow
bird is a blue bird that is also Split to Yellow
aabb = White bird (Double mutant gives white bird) * See explanation
later*
*NOTE* Referring to a Blue Split to Yellow as a Blue Split
to White or a Yellow Split to Blue as a Yellow Split to White is incorrect. By
definition a Split/Heterozygote has to possess the ratio of 1 green gene to 1
colour gene. A Split to Blue/Split to Yellow OR Split to White has 2 green
genes and 2 colour genes (1 blue and 1 yellow). Since Blue Split to Yellow and
Yellow Split to Blue birds have 3 colour genes and 1 green gene they can not be
classified as a double split or Split to White.
There are 45 possible crosses using the above 9 genotypes in
combination:
1) AABB (Green) X AABB (Green) = All Green (AABB)
AABB AABB AB AABB
2) AABB (Green) X AABb (Split to Yellow) = 50% Green (AABB)
& 50% Split to Yellow (AABb)
AB AABB Ab AABb AABb
3) AABB (Green) X AAbb (Yellow) = all Split to Yellow (AABb)
AB A Ab AABb AABb
4) AABB (Green) X AaBB (Split to Blue) = 50% Green (AABB)
& 50% Split to Blue (AaBB)
AB AB AABB aB AaBB AaBB
5) AABB (Green) X AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to Yellow) = 25%
Green (AABB), 25% Split to Yellow (AABb), 25% Split to Blue (AaBB), & 25%
Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb)
AB AABB AABB AABb AABb AaBB AaBB AaBb
6) AABB (Green) X Aabb (Yellow Split to Blue) = 50% Split to
Yellow (AABb) & 50% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb)
AB Ab AaBb AaBb
7) AABB (Green) X aaBB (Blue) = All Split to Blue (AaBB)
AB AB aB AaBB
8) AABB (Green) X aaBb (Blue split to Yellow) = 50% Split to
Blue (AaBB) & 50% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb)
AB AaBB AaBB AaBb
9) AABB (Green) X aabb (White) = Split to Blue/Split to
Yellow (AaBb)
AB AB AaBb ab AaBb
10) AABb (Split to Yellow) X AABb (Split to Yellow) = 25%
Yellow (AAbb), 25% Green (AABB), & 50% Split to Yellow (AABb)
AB AABB AABb Ab AAbb
11) AABb (Split to Yellow) X AAbb (Yellow) = 50% Yellow
(AAbb) & 50% Split to Yellow (AABb)
Ab AABb AAbb AABb AAbb
12) AABb (Split to Yellow) X AaBB (Split to Blue) = 25%
Green (AABB), 25% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb), 25% Split to Blue
(AaBB), & 25% Split to Yellow (AABb)
AABB AABb AaBB AaBb
13) AABb (Split to Yellow) X AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to
Yellow) = 12.5% Green (AABB), 12.5% Yellow (AAbb), 12.5% Split to Blue (AaBB),
12.5% Yellow Split to Blue (Aabb), 25% Split to Yellow (AABb), & 25% Split
to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb)
Ab AABB AABb AABb AAbb AaBb AaBb Aabb
14) AABb (Split to Yellow) X Aabb (Yellow Split to Blue) =
25% Split to Yellow (AABb), 25% Yellow (AAbb), 25% Split to Blue/Split to
Yellow (AaBb), & 25% Yellow Split to Blue (Aabb)
AB Ab AABB AaBb Aabb
15) AABb (Split to Yellow) X aaBB (Blue) = 50% Split to Blue
(AaBB) & 50% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb)
Ab aB AaBB aB AaBB AaBb
16) AABb (Split to Yellow) X aaBb (Blue Split to Yellow) =
25% Split to Blue (AaBB), 25% Yellow Split to Blue (Aabb), & 50% Double
Splits OR Split to Blue/Split to Yellow
AB Ab ab Aabb
17) AABb (Split to Yellow) X aabb (White) = 50% Split to
Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb) & 50% Yellow Split to Blue(Aabb)
AB ab AaBb ab Aabb
18) AAbb (Yellow) X AAbb (Yellow)= all Yellow (AAbb)
AAbb AAbb
19) AAbb (Yellow) X AaBB (Split to Blue) = 50% Split to
Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb) & 50% Split to Yellow (AABb)
AB AABb
20) AAbb (Yellow) X AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to Yellow) =
25% Split to Yellow (AABb), 25% Yellow (AAbb), 25% Split to Blue/Split to
Yellow (AaBb), & 25% Yellow Split to Blue (Aabb)
AABb AABb Ab AAbb AAbb AaBb AaBb Aabb
21) AAbb (Yellow) X Aabb (Yellow Split to Blue) = 50% Yellow
(AAbb) & 50% Yellow Split to Blue (Aabb)
Ab Ab Ab AAbb AAbb
22) AAbb (Yellow) X aaBB (Blue) = All Split to Blue/Split to
Yellow (AaBb)
23) AAbb (Yellow) X aaBb (Blue Split to Yellow) = 50% Split
to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb) & 50% Yellow Split to Blue(Aabb)
Ab aB AaBb AaBb Aabb
24) AAbb (Yellow) X aabb (White) = All Yellow Split to Blue
(Aabb)
Aabb Aabb
25) AaBB (Split to Blue) X AaBB (Split to Blue) = 25% Green
(AABB), 25% Blue (aaBB), & 50% Split to Blue (AaBB)
AABB aB AaBB aaBB
26) AaBB (Split to Blue) X AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to
Yellow) = 12.5% Green (AABB), 12.5% Split to Yellow (AABb), 12.5% Blue (aaBB),
12.5% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb ), 25% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb),
& 25% Split to Blue (AaBB)
AB aB AABB AaBB Ab AABb AaBb aaBB
27) AaBB (Split to Blue) X Aabb (Yellow Split to Blue) = 50%
Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb), 25% Split to Yellow (AABb), & 25%
Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb )
aB AaBb AaBb aaBb
28) AaBB (Split to Blue) X aaBB (Blue) = 50% Split to Blue
(AaBB) & 50% Blue (aaBB )
AB aB AaBB aaBB AaBB aaBB
29) AaBB (Split to Blue) X aaBb (Blue Split to Yellow) = 25%
Split to Blue (AaBB), 25% Blue (aaBB), 25% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow
(AaBb), & 25% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb )
AB aaBB ab aaBb
30) AaBB (Split to Blue) X aabb (White) = 50% Split to
Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb) & 50% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb)
AB aB AaBb aaBb ab aaBb
31) AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to Yellow) X AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to Yellow) = 6.25% Green (AABB), 6.25% Blue (aaBB), 6.25% Yellow (AAbb), 6.25% White (aabb), 12.5% Split to Yellow (AABb), 12.5% Split to Blue (AaBB), 12.5% Yellow Split to Blue (Aabb), 12.5% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb), & 25% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb)
AABB AaBb AaBB aaBB AABb AaBb ab aaBb aabb
* These are just mathematical probabilities, not actual ones. You could get very different ratios with each cross.
There's not much to say about Double Split crosses. They produce mostly unidentifiable offspring (Green- Regular green, Split to blue, Split to Yellow, & Double Split are all green birds). It would take a lot of breeding generations to distinguish what the genotype (genetic makeup) of a single bird is. Until a genetic test is developed, this is a very difficult way to get colour mutations unless you are looking for the White offspring. If you just want yellow or blue, I would recommend sticking to Single splits (this way it narrows down the possibilities of what the green birds are).
32) AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to Yellow) X Aabb (Yellow Split to Blue) = 12.5% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb), 12.5% Split to Yellow (AABb), 12.5% White (aabb), 12.5% Yellow (AAbb), 25% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb), & 25% Yellow Split to Blue(Aabb)
|
|
AB |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AaBb |
Aabb |
|
|
AaBb |
|
aaBb |
aabb |
33) AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to Yellow) X aaBB (Blue) = 25%
Blue (aaBB), 25% Blue Split to Yellow(aaBb), 25% Split to Blue (AaBB), &
25% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb)
Ab aB AaBB AaBb aaBB aaBb AaBb
34) AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to Yellow) X aaBb (Blue Split
to Yellow) = 12.5% White (aabb), 12.5% Blue (aaBB), 12.5% Split to Blue (AaBB),
12.5% Yellow Split to Blue(Aabb), 25%Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb),
& 25% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb)
AB aB ab aB AaBB AaBb aaBb ab AaBb Aabb
35) AaBb (Split to Blue/Split to Yellow) X aabb (White) =
25% White (aabb), 25% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb), 25% Blue Split to
Yellow (aaBb), & 25% Yellow Split to Blue (Aabb)
AB aB ab Aabb aaBb aabb ab AaBb aabb
36) Aabb (Yellow Split to Blue) X Aabb (Yellow Split to
Blue) = 25% Yellow (AAbb), 50% Yellow Split to Blue (Aabb), & 25% White
(aabb)
Ab AAbb Aabb aabb
37) Aabb (Yellow Split to Blue) X aaBB (Blue) = 50% Split to
Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb) & 50% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb)
AaBb aaBb AaBb aaBb
38) Aabb (Yellow Split to Blue) X aaBb (Blue Split to
Yellow) = 25% Split to Blue/Split to Yellow (AaBb), 25% Yellow Split to Blue
(Aabb), 25% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb), & 25% White (aabb)
AaBb Aabb aabb
39) Aabb (Yellow Split to Blue) X aabb (White) = 50% Yellow
Split to Blue (Aabb) & 50% White (aabb)
ab Aabb aabb Aabb aabb
40) aaBB (Blue) X aaBB (Blue) = all Blue (aaBB)
aB aB aaBB aaBB
41) aaBB (Blue) X aaBb (Blue Split to Yellow) = 50% Blue
(aaBB) & 50% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb)
aB aaBB aaBB ab aaBb aaBb
42) aaBB (Blue) X aabb (White) = all Blue Split to Yellow
(aaBb)
aB aaBb aaBb aaBb
43) aaBb (Blue Split to Yellow) X aaBb (Blue Split to
Yellow) = 25% Blue (aaBB), 25% White (aabb), & 50% Blue Split to Yellow
(aaBb)
aaBB ab aabb
44) aaBb (Blue Split to Yellow) X aabb (White) = 50% white
(aabb) & 50% Blue Split to Yellow (aaBb)
aB ab aaBb aabb aabb
45) aabb (white) X aabb (white) = all White (aabb)
ab ab aabb